Boot or shoe calk.



C; H. RICHARDSON.

BOOT 0R SHOE CALK.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.6.1916.

1 9,302. Patented Oct. 1, 1918.

III

, to the sole.

a PA

iaoor on snon CALK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Get. 1, 1918.

- Application filed January 6, 1916. Serial No. 70,553.

To all whom it may concern:

Be itknown that I, CHARLES H. RICHARD- SON, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Nahant, in the county of Essex and State ofMassachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bootor Shoe Calks, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in boots and shoes and particularlyto boots and shoes of that class which have the tread side of, the soleprovided with projections or calks which prevent slipping.

The projections orcalks of shoes of this class are usually in the formof spikes or transverse strips and variousrmethods have heretofore beenproposed for fastening them In most cases, however, the proposedconstructions have either involved complication and expense or have madethe.

interior of the shoe uneven and therefore uncomfortable to the wearereven when an inner slip sole is used.

My invention has for its object to improve the construction of shoes ofthe class indicated so as to avoid the objections referred to, and alsoto provide an easily and quickly applied stud for shoe soles which mayeither be made with an integral spike or be employed to fasten aseparate piece to the bottom of the sole, which will be of simple andinexpensive construction and which will withstand very rough usage.

To these ends my invention consists of the improvements set forth in thefollowing description and particularly pointed out and defined in theclaims at the close thereof.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the forepart of a shoe constructed inaccordance with my invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of one of the calks of the shoe shown in Fig.1.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the washer hereinafter referred to.

Fig. l is an elevation of the stud hereinafter referred to.

Fig. 5 is a plan view of the washer shown in Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 shows a modification.

Having reference to the drawings, 1 represents the upper of my improvedshoe and 2 the sole thereof, said sole being provided upon its treadside with a plurality of calks in the form of spikes 3. Each spike 3 isan integral conical part of a stud 4, Fig 4,

and constitutes the head of the latter, said stud 4 also comprising acylindrical shank portion 5 with which the spike-head 3 is connected bya relatively small cylindrical neck 6 which provides an annular grooveor recess 7 between spike-head 3 and shank 5. The base end of spike-head3 is larger in diameter than the neck 6 but smaller in diameter than theshank 5 which provides an annular washer bending shoulder or anvilsurface 8 at the outer end of shank 5. The inner end of shank 5 isformed with a thin flange 9 to bear against the inner side of the sole 2and prevent the stud from being pulled out of the latter. I

In making my improved shoe the sole of the latter is formed withaplurality of holes 10, one for each stud, and in each of these holes astud 4 is inserted from the inner side of the sole and secured stronglyin that position by means of a washer 11 that is forced down over thespike head 3 into position against the anvil surface 8 and the outerside of the sole where it automatically interlocks with the neck portionof the stud so that the two are securely and permanently connected. Eachwasher is a disk of metal formed at its middle with a hole 12 which isof about the same diameter as the larger inner end of spike-head 3.

The inner marginal portion of the washer 11, that is, the portion of thewasher immediately bordering the hole 12, is bent or curved outwardly orsidewiseand in app1ying the washer to the stud it is placed on the headof the latter as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2 and driven down intoits final position by means of a suitable tool such as is indicated bydotted lines at 13.

As the outwardly bent inner marginal portion 14 is brought to bear uponthe anvil surface 8 the pressure of the tool 13 acts to flatten thewasher thereby contracting the hole 12 and driving the inner marginalportion 14 into the annular groove 7 between head 3 and shoulder 8 thussecurely and permanently fastening the stud to the sole so that it isheld against rotary movement or endwise displacement in eitherdirection.

Of course this washer applying operation is performed while the innerend of the stud rests upon a suitable abutment and in practice thedriving pressure of the tool 13 acts to embed both flange 9 and washer11 into the sole 2, more or less, so that the inner side of said solepresents a smooth surface to the foot of the wearer of the shoe andthewashers 11 are not prominently exposed upon the exterior. I

In Fig. 6 I have shown a modification in which the stud 4 is constructedas above described except that itshead 3 isnot formed as a spike but ismade smaller so that it serves only to interlock with thewasher 11, aseparatekpiece calk 3 being provided that is held in position upon thetread side of the sole by said washer.

While my new studabove described is particularly adapted to be applieddirectly to the soles of boots and shoes as set forth above, it is tobeunderstood, nevertheless, that its use is not limited in this respectasit is equally as weuadapted m be applied to attachments for the" solesof bootsand shoes, to dog collars, etc.

What I clainfis:

1. A" stud of thecharacter described comprising a relatively large shankadaptedto extend through the article to which the stud is applied andformed'with an enlargement or head'at' one end thereof, a relativelysmall neck integral with the opposite end or said shank, a head integralwith said neck that is larger than the latter. but smaller than theshank so as to provide a groove between the head and shank and an anvilsurface at the adjacent end of the latter, and a washer surrounding-saidneck and contracted into said groove by bending.

2. As a new article of manufacture, a stud of the character describedcomprising a relatively large shank adapted to extendthrough the articleto'which the stud is applied and formed with an enlarged inner end, arelatively small neck integral with thesnialler end of said shank, and ahead integralwith the neck-that is larger than the latterbnt smallerthantheshank "so as'to provide a groove between the head and shank anda-nanvil surface at the outer end of the latter,

"Gopies of this patent niay'be' obtained for fivecei'its each, 'byaddressingtlie Commissioner of Patents;

Wasiiingtonjlljfi.

